Optical instrument.



PATENTED JULY 2; 1907. S. E. HAMMAR.- OPTICAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED Arn.z5,19o7.

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PATBNTED JULY 2, 1907.

"s. E. HAMMAB.; OPTIGAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLIGATION FILED APB. 25,1907.

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STEN ENGELERT HAMMAR, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

OPTICAL INSTRUMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 2, 1907.

Application filed Apri125,1907. Serial No. 370,148.

The objects of the invention are to provide addedI conveniences in suchinstruments; to increase the range of utility 'in a single stereoscope,and to combine a stereoscope and a graphoscope in one instrument. est

With the above objects in view my invention consists in the novelconstruction, conveniences, arrangement and combination of parts,hereinafter described, illustrated in the drawings and incorporated inthe claims.

In the drawings-Figure 1 is an end elevation of an instrument embodyingmy invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of same. Fig. 3 is a top planview partly broken away. 'Fig 4 is an enlarged section taken on lineX--X of Fig. 2.

Referring in detail to the several views, the instrument is providedwith a stand or support which relieves the user of the fatigue incidentto holding an ordinaly stereoscope in the hand, and to that end theslide-way 2 for the slide carrying the pictures is placed in a bed 3having feet 4 and 5. The slideway 2 consists of two parallel rails 6 and7 which have grooves 8 and 9 in their inner or adjacent faces. The slide10 has tongues 11 and 12 which engage said grooves 8 and 9. The slidecarries a rack composed of a horizontal rail' 13 from the ends of whichrise uprights 14 and 15. In the latter are a plurality7 of notches, onepair 16 and one pair 17 being shown. The frame 18 for the views isrevolubly mountedupon trunnion screws 19 and 20 removably mounted in oneof the pairs of notches. The frame may thus be adjusted vertically orangularly relatively to the line of sight or lenses to be referred tohereinafter.

The bed 3, as shown, is arranged to slope backwardly from the front end.On the latter is mounted at right angles to the bed and slideway, astandard 21. The well known form of hooded lens-box 22 is hinged at 23and 24 to the top of the standard so that it may be folded back, whennot in use, out of the line of vision, or out of the way of another pairof lenses to be referred to. The part of the lens-box 22 which holds thelenses is made in two halves 25 and 26 between which the lenses may beremovably secure in any suitable manner to facilitate changes orrenewals in the lenses. The two halves of the lens-holder are securedtogether by means of screws 27 and 28. The stand 21 affords opportunityfor ornamentation by carving or forming it in various artistic designs.l

In order to provide for another pair of lenses and at the same timeretain the effect of unity in the lens supports, I provide substantiallya duplicate of the standard 21 which consists of two sections 29 and 30hinged at 31 and 32 to swinglin a plane of movement at right angles tothe plane in which the lens-box 22 is swung. As shown the sections 29and 30 are hinged to the bed 3 and therefore cover the front end of theslideway 2. r1`he standard 21 is also mounted in front of the slidewaybut is rigidly secured to the bed 3 in any suitable manner. composed ofsections 29 and 30 carries lens-holders 33 and 34 each of whichcomprises a stem 35 and a handle 36, the latter having a nipple 37 whichhas threaded engagement with a threaded bore 38 in the stem. The parts29 and 30 have lateral shelf-like extensions 39 and 40 through whichextend vertical slots 41 which permit relative adjustments of thelens-holders to vary the distance at which they are spaced apart. Byunscrewing the nipples 37 the lenses 33 and 34 may be removed and usedas hand instruments. The lenses in these two are revolubly mounted sothat they may be adjusted to serve as a graphoscope or a stereoscope,but I claim no novelty for this well known feature, when considered byitself.

The dotted lines in Fig. l show the positions of the sections 29 and 30together with the lenses thereon when moved out of the way ofthelens-box 22 after the latter has been raised into operative position,shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2. The sections 29 and 30 are connectedfor joint angular movement by means of links 42 and 43 -pivoted togetherat their lower ends, at 44. The link 42 is held to the part 29 by meansof screws 45 and the link 43 is similarly fastened to the -part 30 byscrews 46.

A recess 44 is made in the bed 3 to receive said pivoted ends. Thesections 29 andl 30 are locked together in their operative positions, oras shown in fulllines, by a latch-bar 47 pivoted at 48 to the part 30.On the free end of the bar is a nger-knob 49 and a notch 50 which hooksonto a projecting screw 51 on the part 29.

On the back of the frame is a spring 52 one end of which is secured tothe lower part of the frame. The opposite, or upper, end of the springbears loosely against the upper rail of the frame 18. Between thisspring and the frame views too large to t into the regular space at thefront of the frame may be held. 'The spring also serves, when desired,to holdapack of views, when the front picture will be exposed to view.The latter may then be inserted between the spring and the back of thepack to expose the next picture, and so on without removing the supplyof pictures from the frame The divided ddd movable lens-Standard' orinstrument. The frame is designed to tit the ordinary views and to holdthem at the iront rather than the back. For this purpose clips 53 and 54are secured to the lower rail of the frame and a longitudinally movablecatch or clip is placed in the middle of the upper rail. Between theseclips and the inner margin of the front of the irame the pictures ofordinary sized cards are held. The clip 55 is held in a slot passingthrough the upper rail oi the frame and has a slot 57 which is engagedby a screw 56. After the lower edge of a card or view has been placedbehind the lower clips the upper clip may be raised to permit the upperedge oi the card to pass back of it after which it is pushed down iniront of the upper edge of the card.

Cards may be held singly at the back oi the irame, when they are atrifle too large to be held at the iront, and for this purpose l placeribs or stops on the backs oi the vertical bars of the trame againstwhich the ends oi a card are supported. The lower edge of the cord, orrather the lower Corners7 are supported in horizontal recesses 59 and 60in lower horizontal portions oi the ribs 58 and 59 referred to.

When the instrument is placed upon a table and the person using' -it issitting down the backward slope oi the bed and slideway will bring thepicture on the trame conveniently in line with the users eyes whenapplied to the lenses, and as the instrument is properly self supportedthe trouble and awkwardness of holding the instrument and adjusting thevie'ws with one hand is obviated.

The angular-ly movable lenses may be adapted or adjustable forgraphoscope purposes, or used in viewing single pictures, such aspicture postal cards and the like, while the lens-box 22 may be used forregular stereoscopic or double pictures. Single and double pictures maybe inspected alternately with little trouble by merely pushing apart thelenses 33 and 34 and raising into position the lens box 22, or reversingthe operation, as the case may be. As stated in the `foregoing the frameholding the pictures is adjustable up or down and on its pivots for thepurpose of placing the pictures in correct positions relatively to thelenses. Oftentimes the condition oi light is such that tilting thepicture slightly one way or the other will make it clear to the userseyes. The lenses in the box are tixed semi lenses, while the other pairoi lenses are revolubly mounted semi lenses so that they can be used loreither double or single pictures.

Having described my invention, l claim as new and desire to secure byLetters Patent- 1. The combination with a view-holder and means forsupporting and adjusting same, of two pairs of lenses adapted forditlerent purposes, both said pairs of, lenses normally occupying thesame line ot vision relative to said viewfholder, and means for movingor swingingyeither pair ot' lenses out: o1' the line of vision ot theother pair.

2. 1n a single instrument, the combination with a suitable support, et'an adjustable vie\\'holder, a plurality of pairs of lenses, each pairbeing. in turn. movable into opera ive relation relative to said viewholder and the remaining`- lenses heilig movable out of the way of theoperative pair.

3. The combination with a support, ol` a view-holder slidably mountedthereon, means for adjusting` views on said view-holder at: right anglesto the slidingpath of .said

.vie\\'holder, a plurality o1 pairs of lenses normally oecupying anoperative position relative to said viewholder, and means for shifting'said lenses out of their po sition, for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination with a stand, of a slideway mounted at an angle ofinclination relative to said stand, a view frame slidably mounted onsaid slide-way, means at the upper end ot' said slideway for supportingla plurality ot` pairs of lenses in operative positions relative to saidframe, and means for temporarily swinging either pair ollenses out 0ithe way of the other lenses,

lhe combination of a pair of. glapheseope lenses with a pair o1'stereoscope lenses, olf means common to all said lenses for supportingrand adjusting views relatively to said lenses, said grapboscope lensesbeingr adjustable in directions at right angles to each other and saidmeans for supporting views providingt'or :uljustment ot the views indirections at rightv angles to each other, as and for the purposespeeitied` In testimony whereof l have hereunto .set my hand in thepresence of two subscribinf.:l witnesses.

Witnesses F. (l. FAnsmtNn, l. l\. Mmmm.

